In order to assure that conquered territories would remain pacified, the Assyrians would force many of the native inhabitants to relocate to other parts of their empire. King Solomon created the wealthiest and most powerful central government the Hebrews would ever see, but he did so at an impossibly high cost. The Hebrew empire eventually collapses, Moab successfully revolts against Judah, and Ammon successfully secedes from Israel. When Josiah's son, Jehoahaz, became king, the king of Egypt, Necho (put into power by the Assyrians), rushed into Judah and deposed him, and Judah became a tribute state of Egypt. However, Zedekiah defected from the Babylonians one more time. All rights reserved. The Hebrew kingdom, started with such promise and glory by David, was now at an end. Sources: The Hebrews: A Learning Module from Washington State University, ©Richard Hooker, reprinted by permission. As history proved time and again in the region, tiny states never survived long. The Jews frowned on the Samaritans, denying that a non-Hebrew had any right to be included among the chosen people and angered that the Samaritans would dare to sacrifice to Yahweh outside of Jerusalem. The most influential Jews of Judea were deported to Babylon (in southern Mesopotamia, today Iraq). When they approached Samuel the Prophet, he told them the desire for a king was an act of disobedience and that they would pay dearly if they established a monarchy. The Southern Kingdom of Judah. In 701, the Assyrian Sennacherib would gain territory from Judah, and the Jews would have suffered the same fate as the Israelites. Babylonia became the ruling empire and set about to consolidate its position. Therefore king Rehoboam made speed to get him up to his chariot, to flee to Jerusalem. In line with Mesopotamian practice, Nebuchadnezzar deported around 10,000 Jews to his capital in Babylon; all the deportees were drawn from professionals, the wealthy, and craftsmen. The Assyrians were aggressive and effective; the history of their dominance over the Middle East is a history of constant warfare. Certainly, the conquest of Israel scared the people and monarchs of Judah. Who destroyed the Northern Kingdom of Israel? These kingdoms remained separate states for over two hundred years. God delivered Judah at that time by sending a plague against the Assyrians which killed many and caused Sennacherib to withdraw. 2 Chronicles 15:9 also says that members of the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh and Simeon fled to Judah during the reign of Asa of Judah. When they conquered Israel, they forced the ten tribes to scatter throughout their empire. In order to assure that conquered territories would remain pacified, the Assyrians would force many of the native inhabitants to relocate to other parts of their empire. But the people of the Middle East were above everything else highly superstitious. The northern kingdom continued to be called the Kingdom of Israel or Israel, while the southern kingdom was called the Kingdom of Judah. During the reign of King Jehoiakim (609—597 BC), “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up, and Jehoiakim became his servant for three years” (2 Kings 24:1). Land was given away to pay for his extravagances and people were sent into forced labor into Tyre in the north. But when the Babylonians suffered a defeat in 601 BC, the king of Judah, Jehoiakim, defected to the Egyptians. Then king Rehoboam sent Adoram, who [was] over the tribute; and all Israel stoned him with stones, that he died. "But as for the children of Israel which dwelt in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them. "There but for the grace of god go I." For all practical purposes, you might consider this a proto-Diaspora ("diaspora"="scattering"), except that these Israelites disappear from history permanently; they are called "the ten lost tribes of Israel." The Kingdom of Israel, Northern Kingdom or Samaria, existed as an independent state until 722 BCE, when it was conquered by the Assyrian Empire. Ordinary people were allowed to stay in Judah. According to the Hebrew Bible, the Kingdom of Israel (Hebrew: מַמְלֶכֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎, Modern: Mamlekhet Yisra'el, Tiberian: Mamléḵeṯ Yiśrāʼēl), was one of two successor states to the former United Kingdom of Israel and Judah. Who conquered the Southern Kingdom of Israel? Again, Nebuchadnezzr deported the prominent citizens, but the number was far smaller than in 597: somewhere between 832 and 1577 people were deported. The Kingdom of Israel perished. The capital of Judah became Jerusalem, while the capital of Israel in the north was Samaria. Being small was a liability. The Southern Kingdom of Israel (Judah) was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) kingdom under Nebuchadnezzar in the 580s BC. Jerusalem. The Samaritan schism played a major role in the rhetoric of Jesus of Nazareth; and there are still Samaritans alive today around the city of Samaria. Become a Study.com member to unlock this Services, The Ancient Israelites: History, Religion & Timeline, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. Nebuchadnezzar was the equal of all the great Mesopotamian conquerors, from Sargon onwards; he not only prevented major powers such as Egypt and Syria from making inroads on his territory, he also conquered the Phoenicians and the state of Judah (586 BC), the southern Jewish kingdom that remained after the subjugation of Israel, the northern kingdom, by the Assyrians. Along with the... Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Therefore, they would adopt the local god or gods into their religion and cultic practices. The Israelites formed their capital in the city of Samaria, and the Judaeans kept their capital in Jerusalem. Question: "When and how was Judah conquered by the Babylonians?" In the northern kingdom there were 9 dynasties (family lines of kings) and 19 kings in all. In 722 BC, the Assyrians conquered Israel. Chaldea. 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