Tropical and, grain sorghum in queensland and new south wales, aus, distribution, molecular identification an. 2006, and 2007 growing seasons, with a total Screening of Indian maize inbreds for the resistance to pathogen was done using 34 Simple Sequence Repeats … A field monitoring for maize stalk rot complex was done during crop season (August, 2016) covering 10 farmers field each of Surkhet, Banke, Dang, Chitwan and Nawalparasi districts. Figure 5. Some features of the site may not work correctly. The predominant Fusarium species detected in stalks at the end of the growing season were F. graminearum and F. crookwellense, often associated with F. culmorum and F. temperatum. of morphological characters (Leslie and Summerell, 2008). Surveyed areas of different areas of Central and South Punjab, Pakistan. It is a complex disease caused by multiple pathogens, among which Fusarium moniliforme and Macrophomina phaseolina are the major ones that cause severe yield losses in the Asian tropics. These were further verified by PCR analysis with EF-1α gene amplification. which help … A B Figure 3. Nine Fusarium species were isolated from diseased plants. By using inter simple sequence repeat analysis (ISSR), we showed that the isolates were divided into two clades, which corresponded to the species identity of the isolates. Biocontrol agents Bacterial stalk rot of maize caused by Dickeya zeae previously known as E. chrysanthemi pv. Maize is a socioeconomically important crop in many countries. Host range: D. zeae bacteria have a wide host range. maize cultivars (Dekalb Double, Punjab Sweet Corn-1 and PMH-1). F. verticillioides was the species with the highest number of isolates followed by F. temperatum and then F. subglutinans. The stalk pith tissue of Diplodia-infected corn disintegrates similarly to both Gibberella and Fusarium stalk rots, but Diplodia-infected pith will not have any red or pink discoloration. zeae was found only in samples collected from Punjab and N.W.F.P areas of Pakistan. zeaehave economic importance of reduced crop yield up to 98.8%. A study was conducted to identify the suitable strategies for effective mitigation of stalk rot. and P.L. Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium thapsinum, causing stalk rot of maize in Pu... Fusaria and mycotoxins in grain maize in Switzerland. An extensive collection of 5,659 Fusarium isolates characterized at the species level was established during the 2005. to maize stalk rot were sampled at four different physiological stages. Bleached upper stalks, typical of Anthracnose top dieback. In this study, Fusarium spp. The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetics of resistance to Fusarium stalk rot (FSR) resistance in maize through six-generation mean analysis in the cross, CM202 × P12 during kharif 2017. This article is protected by copyright. A total of 55 Fusarium isolates were obtained from 27/32 maize samples (84.4%) and 11/15 wheat samples (73.3%). (B) Dark, rotting pith caused by anthracnose stalk rot. Recently, a high incidence of stalk rot disease has been reported in several maize fields in Gangwon province. stalk rot, the stalk may break higher up on the stalk compared to other stalk rots where the stalk breaks closer to the ground. Bacterial stalk rot of maize caused by Dickeya zeae previously known as E. chrysanthemi pv. Results showed that disease severity index was ranged from 39–47%, reflecting variation in aggressiveness among the isolates. Phylogenetic analyses clustered the different Fusarium spp. The pathogen has wide host range (maize, rice, tomato, chilli and brinjal etc.) Pathogenicity tests confirmed F. andiyazi and F. thapsinum were the dominant stalk rot pathogens, whilst F. thapsinum and species within the Fusarium incarnatum-F. equiseti species complex were most frequently associated with head blight. Diplodia Stalk Rot The fungus Diplodia maydis (also known as Stenocarpella maydis) can cause both stalk and ear rot diseases of corn. : Allgemeine, landwirtschaftliche und technische Mikrobiologie, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Bradbury (1986) reported that E. chrysanthemi is caus-al agent of soft rot disease on wide range of plant spe-cies in tropical, subtropical and temperate region of the On the base of in vitro FB1 biosynthesis of the analyzed strains, high degree of contamination of maize and wheat with Fusarium strains reported here should be considered as a potential public health threat as a meaningful number of the isolates were reported to produce hazardous levels of carcinogenic FB1 . The scaling tests and joint scaling tests indicated the inadequacy … zeaehave economic importance of reduced crop yield up to 98.8%. The disease is more prevalent in rainy season in India. The aim was to determine the occurrence and impact of different Fusarium species in order to assess the potential risk of mycotoxin contamination. Disease incidence (DI) was calculated on the basis of number of infected plants out of total plants. Likewise, disease severity index (DSI) was recorded on the basis of plant area infected or damaged. In 2009, 30% of the samples exceeded this value. The in vitro antifungal effects of the six fungicides on mycelial growth and colony formation were investigated. Pathogenicity assay demonstrated the ability of all the six isolates to cause infection. Based on the inhibition of colony formation by the two pathogens, kresoxim-methyl was the most toxic fungicide with complete inhibition of colony formation at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01 μg/ml for F. subglutinans and F. temperatum, respectively, whereas azoxystrobin was the least toxic fungicide with complete inhibition of colony formation at concentrations >3,000 μg/ml for both pathogens. zeaehave economic importance of reduced crop yield up to 98.8%. © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. All rights reserved. The Baker ratio, which shows the relative importance of GCA over SCA, was close to unity for both the stalk rots, and hence a predominant additive gene effect was inferred towards resistance to these diseases. Post flowering stalk rot (PFSR) is one of the major biotic constraints to maize production in tropical and subtropical environments. DISTRIBUTION OF STALK ROT OF MAIZE IN PUNJ, among the factors responsible for variation in disease with respect to, Different letters show significant difference at, and South Punjab with variable intensities. Among the 189 germplasm lines … In this report, we show that maize stalk rot is associated with the fungal pathogens Fusarium subglutinans and F. temperatum. A total of 523 isolates were collected from northern New South Wales, southern Queensland, and central Queensland. The bacterium prefers high temperature and moisture for their growth result is plant toppled down within week. Studies on certain aspects of chemical control of bacterial stalk rot disease of maize. on maize, but bacterial stalk rot may be accompanied by a foul odour. DSI ranged from 17.4% in Hafizabad to 30. including stalk rot, top dieback, and foliar and seedling diseases. According to disease severity scale (0–5) inbreds SP-3 and NCML-73 were found highly resistant; Local-W moderately resistance and rest of the genotypes were least resistance in in vitro analysis. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. zeae on rice. Africa, where maize plants under flood irrigation were predisposed to bacterial infections around the base due to plants standing in water for long periods under very hot conditions. The high numbers of F. temperatum, also a mycotoxin producer highlights the concern that kernels could be contaminated with more than one mycotoxin. Disease incidence varied from 41 to 51% in different districts. 289 grain-maize samples from 14 cantons were analysed. At the end of the growing season, the most frequently isolated species It is a complex disease caused by multiple pathogens, among which Fusarium moniliforme and Macrophomina phaseolina are the major ones that cause severe yield losses in the Asian tropics. Object of my investigation is to explored PGPR bacteria that have Anti-fungal activities and identification of bacterial protein and metabolites with anti-fungal potential against Neocosmospora rub, Fungi were isolated from diseased maize samples suffering from stalk rot. Overall, 22 % of the grains were infected with Fusarium and 16 different species were identified. CM202 was a resistant line to FSR disease while P12 was highly susceptible. The bacterium prefers high temperature and moisture for their growth result is plant toppled down within week. A 9 × 9 diallel (Diallel-A) produced 36 hybrids for studying FSR resistance, and a 12 × 12 diallel (Diallel-B) produced 66 hybrids to analyse the resistance towards both FSR and MSR. Resulting dendrogram from TEF1-α profile showed that the genotypes were divided into clusters I, II and III of which cluster III contained only F. redolens as the first report from Iran. It is also the only corn stalk rot disease with a foliar phase. should thus focus strongly on reducing fungal contamination of maize and the detoxification of grain with focus on using regionally adapted maize varieties.