On 2009, May 2, I received a thick oversized book entitled Lichens of North America. Its branches tend to be coarser, more copiously branched from the base, and more strongly curved in one direction. C. rangiferina forms extensive mats up to 10 cm tall. They eat it plain or, preferably, mixed with berries, fish eggs, or lard. The star-tipped reindeer lichen is a large vertical-growing lichen that forms grey-yellowish cauliflower-like heads. It can also sometimes be found on mossy walls, fallen trees and rocky roadside banks. Step 1 Choose a container made from clear glass or plastic. Lichens are widely used as environmental indicators or bio-indicators. 1) Reindeer live in the Arctic tundra and damp forests of Greenland, Scandinavia, Russia, Alaska and Canada. [3] The color is grayish, whitish or brownish grey. The book categorizes Cladina species as reindeer lichens. Cladonia rangiferina, also known as reindeer lichen (cf. A variety of bioactive compounds have been isolated and identified from C. rangiferina, including abietane, labdane, isopimarane, the abietane diterpenoids hanagokenols A and B, ontuanhydride, sugiol, 5,6-dehydrosugiol, montbretol, cis-communic acid, imbricatolic acid, 15-acetylimbricatoloic acid, junicedric acid, 7α-hydroxysandaracopimaric acid, β-resorylic acid, atronol, barbatic acid, homosekikaic acid, didymic acid and condidymic acid. The Inland Dena'ina also boil reindeer lichen and drink the juice as a medicine for diarrhea. It is found across Europe, North America and Asia. Today, it is used as an ornamental plant. Other lichens are not. It grows in both hot and cold climates in well-drained, open environments. The plant forms dense groundcover in dry heath- and rocky forests as well as in fell landscapes. Tree reindeer lichen (C. arbuscula) is a similar, closely related species. Cladonia rangiferina, also known as reindeer lichen (cf. Reindeer lichen is an unusual organism that consists of two different species: fungus and alga (or cyanobacterium). Found primarily in areas of alpine tundra, it is extremely cold-hardy. each lichen species in all survey plot. As the common names suggest, reindeer lichen is an important food for reindeer (caribou), and has economic importance as a result. Archivum Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Fennicae Cladonia rangiferina often dominates the ground in boreal pine forests and open, low-alpine sites in a wide range of habitats, from humid, open forests, rocks and heaths. Cladonia rangiferina est l’une des espèces de lichens connues sous les noms de lichen des rennes ou lichen des caribous.Il s’agit d’une espèce fruticuleuse, formant au sol de grands tapis blanchâtres buissonnants.Au sein du genre Cladonia, il appartient à un groupe d’espèces dépourvues de thalle primaire, autrefois rassemblées dans un genre à part (Cladina). It was also used to treat skin infections due to its antibiotic properties. Cladonia oricola, anew coastal species of reindeer lichen in eastern Notrth America. As a continental species, it doesn’t grow often in the archipelago. In North America, reindeer are known as caribou – pronounced ‘kar-i-boo!’ 2) As the name suggests, reindeer are a species of deer. Other common names include reindeer moss, deer moss, and caribou moss, but these names can be misleading since it is, though somewhat moss- like in appearance, not a moss. Synonyms include Cladina rangiferina and Lichen rangiferinus. 1 See the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Plant Profile for Reindeer Lichen for a more complete list of North American Reindeer Lichens. Ahti T: Four species of Cladinae new to North America. As a continental species, it doesn’t grow often in the archipelago. It occurs on bogs, heathland and peaty moorland. They are the only deer species in which both the male and female can grow antlers. It grows in both hot and cold climates in well-drained, open environments. 20. The Florida perforate reindeer lichen occurs only in the state of Florida and is characterised by its yellow-grey, complex branching pattern. Star-tipped reindeer lichen has adapted to live in low-productive cliff and bare rock areas, which are excluded from forestry operations. Reading it makes me stop and think more deeply about how to identify deer lichen species in my area, the Emerald Coast of Florida. [7] Found primarily in areas of alpine tundra, it is extremely cold-hardy. Annales Botanici Fennici 22: 223-229. Species of the Month - March 2018. At Tralee beach it grows on damp sand among marram. The photobiont associated with the reindeer lichen is Trebouxia irregularis. 1985. Sw. renlav), grey reindeer lichen, or (misleadingly) reindeer moss, is a light-colored, fruticose species of lichen, belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. Cladonia portentosa . Reindeer lichen Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.) No attempt was made to speciate members of Stereo-caulon. Conversely, a similar-looking but distinct species, also known by the common name "reindeer lichen", is Cladonia portentosa. The few samples for which no positive identi-fication could be made were cross-checked by Eric Steen Hansen (Botanical Museum, University of Copen-hagen). Reindeer lichen species on the Emerald Coast. In the past, the species was used in window glazing to collect moisture and as an herbal remedy in foot baths. Reindeer Lichen. For example, in the British Duchy of Cornwall it is protected under the UK Biodiversity Action Plan. Reindeer facts. The lichen is used as a traditional remedy for removal of kidney stones by the Monpa in the alpine regions of the West Kameng district of Eastern Himalaya. species of reindeer lichen. Containers specifically designed for use as terrariums are available at garden centers and pet stores. Sw. renlav), grey reindeer lichen, or (misleadingly) reindeer moss, is a light-colored, fruticose species of lichen, belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. There is even a species of lichen named after them – the “reindeer lichen.” Lichens are combined creatures that are made up of fungi and algae, living in a symbiotic relationship for survival. Some of these compounds have mild inhibitory activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. [8] Usnic acid is thought to play a role in protecting the photosymbiont by absorbing excess UV-B. There are several species of reindeer lichen that can be found in the northern parts of … species of lichenised fungus in the family Cladoniaceae, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, "Novel Abietane Diterpenoids and Aromatic Compounds from Cladonia rangiferina and Their Antimicrobial Activity against Antibiotics Resistant Bacteria", "Degradation of the disease-associated prion protein (PrP(TSE)), the probable etiological agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) by a serine protease from lichens", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cladonia_rangiferina&oldid=980018806, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 24 September 2020, at 04:03. It is mainly found in the taiga and the tundra. Mosses and Lichens Cladoniaceae Cladonia Cladonia arbuscula. [4] It lacks a well-defined cortex (a protective layer covering the thallus, analogous to the epidermis in plants), but rather, a loose layer of hyphae cover the photobionts. The prairie is the type locality for mima mounds, unusual geologic features providing topographical variation that influences vegetation patterns. Reindeer lichens (Cladonia subgenus Cladina) are usually more typical of northern boreal regions and are very rare in inland valley habitats of the western states outside of Alaska. Thalli are fruticose, and extensively branched, with each branch usually dividing into three or four (sometimes two); the thicker branches are typically 1–1.5 mm in diameter. Isolated populations of four reindeer lichen species and varieties co-occur in a unique relict prairie habitat at Mima Mounds Natural Area Preserve, southwest Washington State, USA. [5] Reindeer Lichen is an elegant multi-branched whitish to pale blue lichen, usually found growing with heather. The most common Reindeer Lichens in North America are Cladonia rangiferina, Cladonia arbuscula, Cladonia mitis, Cladonia stellaris, and Cladonia stygia. Species Details; Observations; Maps; Photos; Sounds; Statistics; On/in; Names; I've seen this species! Lichen are able to absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere and break down rock, creating nutrient-dense soil in the process which in turn leads to colonisation in that ecosystem by plants and animals. At sites 11-14, samples of all species of macrolichens within a plot were collected and keyed out under a stereo microscope.