[114], Some silver compounds are very explosive, such as the nitrogen compounds silver azide, silver amide, and silver fulminate, as well as silver acetylide, silver oxalate, and silver(II) oxide. • Ag2CO3 + H2SO3 = Ag2SO3 + H2CO3 :: Chemistry Applications:: [18] Silver nitrate is used in many ways in organic synthesis, e.g. A strong yet thermally stable and therefore safe fluorinating agent, silver(II) fluoride is often used to synthesize hydrofluorocarbons. Many non-stoichiometric selenides and tellurides are known; in particular, AgTe~3 is a low-temperature superconductor. It is also employed to convert alkyl bromides into alcohols. The elements from groups 1–3, except for hydrogen, lithium, and beryllium, are very miscible with silver in the condensed phase and form intermetallic compounds; those from groups 4–9 are only poorly miscible; the elements in groups 10–14 (except boron and carbon) have very complex Ag–M phase diagrams and form the most commercially important alloys; and the remaining elements on the periodic table have no consistency in their Ag–M phase diagrams. For the use of silver as a medication, see, Goodwin F, Guruswamy S, Kainer KU, Kammer C, Knabl W, Koethe A, Leichtfreid G, Schlamp G, Stickler R & Warlimont H 2005, 'Noble metals and noble metal alloys', in, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. Using the chemical formula of the compound and the periodic table of elements, we can add up the atomic weights and calculate molecular weight of the substance. [50][51] Some scholars have thus proposed a Paleo-Hispanic origin, pointing to the Basque form zilharr as an evidence. [51], Silver was one of the seven metals of antiquity that were known to prehistoric humans and whose discovery is thus lost to history. Dilute solutions of silver nitrate and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides (oligodynamic effect), added to bandages and wound-dressings, catheters, and other medical instruments. [35] This and other silver(I) compounds may be oxidized by the strong oxidizing agent peroxodisulfate to black AgO, a mixed silver(I,III) oxide of formula AgIAgIIIO2. Risch/E. The resulting adduct can be decomposed with ammonia to release the free alkene. Soluble silver(I) salts precipitate dark-brown silver(I) oxide, Ag2O, upon the addition of alkali. [114], This article is about the chemical element. [15][16][17] Pure silver has the highest thermal conductivity of any metal, although the conductivity of carbon (in the diamond allotrope) and superfluid helium-4 are even higher. The atomic weight is 107.8682(2) u;[18][19] this value is very important because of the importance of silver compounds, particularly halides, in gravimetric analysis. Boiling point - the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas; Melting point - the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid; See Standard state and enthalpy of formation, Gibbs free energy of formation, entropy and heat capacity for thermodynamic data for the same compounds. It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by the ancient alchemists, who believed that silver was associated with the moon. Silver metal is used in many bullion coins, sometimes alongside gold:[4] while it is more abundant than gold, it is much less abundant as a native metal. [95], Because pure silver is very soft, most silver used for these purposes is alloyed with copper, with finenesses of 925/1000, 835/1000, and 800/1000 being common. [91] Silver coins are produced from cast rods or ingots, rolled to the correct thickness, heat-treated, and then used to cut blanks from. Silver is also used in some medical applications, such as urinary catheters (where tentative evidence indicates it reduces catheter-related urinary tract infections) and in endotracheal breathing tubes (where evidence suggests it reduces ventilator-associated pneumonia). [108][109], Pure silver metal is used as a food colouring. They are also used medicinally in antibacterials and antifungals in much the same way as larger silver particles. [21], The palladium isotope 107Pd decays by beta emission to 107Ag with a half-life of 6.5 million years. [98][99] Bacteria can, however, develop resistance to the antimicrobial action of silver.