In the electric arc furnace process, the electric arc furnace oxidizing slag is firstly produced when the iron scrap is melted and refined into steel, and then the electric arc furnace reducing slag is produced in the ladle refining furnace. Raw material may be up to 100% scrap or various mixes of hot metal, pig iron, DRI (hot and/or cold) and HBI, utilizing electrical and chemical energy, according to unit costs and … Electric Arc Furnace Definition: It is an extremely hot enclosed region, where heat is produced using electrodes for melting certain materials such as steel (scrap) without changing the electrochemical properties of the material (metal). The electric arc furnace operating cycle is called the tap-to-tap cycle and is made up of the following operations: Furnace charging Melting Refining De-slagging Tapping Furnace turn-around Modern operations aim for a tap-to-tap time of less than 60 minutes. Further refining of the stainless steel in the ladle furnace generates argon oxygen decarburization slag and desulfurization slag. Electric Arc Furnace means an extremely hot enclosed space, where heat is produced by means of electrical arcing for melting certain metals such as scrap steel without changing electro-chemical properties of the metal. Electrotherm offers a complete range of melting units -high-impedance Electric Arc Furnaces with the capacity for producing heat sizes from 3 Ton to 200 t in technical collaboration with Vitkovice Heavy Machinery, Czech Republic. (1) Direct arc furnaces (2) Submerged arc furnaces and (3) Indirect arc furnaces. 5.5, and heat is transmitted to the charge solely by radiation. The electric arc produced between the electrodes and the metal is used for melting the metal (scrap). Some twin shell furnace operations are achieving tap-to-tap times of 35 to 40 minutes. In a direct arc furnace, shown in Fig. 5.4, the arc is formed between the electrodes and the charge, while in the indirect arc furnace the arc is formed between the electrodes, as shown in Fig. Here, electric arc is produced between the electrodes.